Biology

Overview

The HKDSE Biology curriculum builds on junior secondary science to develop scientific literacy and understanding of the living world. Across Secondary 4–6, students study biological principles, investigate life processes and apply their knowledge to health, environmental and technological issues. The course develops inquiry, critical thinking and communication skills, alongside respect for living things, responsible citizenship and readiness for further study in life science.

Curriculum Goals

Component	Curriculum Goals
Compulsory Part	Cells and Molecules of Life: understand cell structure, biological molecules and cellular processes. Genetics and Evolution: explain inheritance, molecular genetics, biodiversity and evolutionary change. Organisms and Environment: study life processes, reproduction, coordination, homeostasis and ecosystems. Health and Diseases: understand personal health, disease and body defence mechanisms. Develop scientific inquiry through observation, hypothesis testing, data analysis and evidence-based conclusions.
Elective Part	Study two of four topics: Human Physiology: Regulation and Control; Applied Ecology; Microorganisms and Humans; Biotechnology. Extend core concepts and apply biological knowledge to specialised contexts and contemporary issues. Plan investigations, interpret findings and communicate scientific explanations independently and collaboratively. Evaluate social, ethical and environmental implications to make informed decisions about biological applications.

Component

Curriculum Goals

Compulsory Part

Cells and Molecules of Life: understand cell structure, biological molecules and cellular processes.
Genetics and Evolution: explain inheritance, molecular genetics, biodiversity and evolutionary change.
Organisms and Environment: study life processes, reproduction, coordination, homeostasis and ecosystems.
Health and Diseases: understand personal health, disease and body defence mechanisms.
Develop scientific inquiry through observation, hypothesis testing, data analysis and evidence-based conclusions.

Elective Part

Study two of four topics: Human Physiology: Regulation and Control; Applied Ecology; Microorganisms and Humans; Biotechnology.
Extend core concepts and apply biological knowledge to specialised contexts and contemporary issues.
Plan investigations, interpret findings and communicate scientific explanations independently and collaboratively.
Evaluate social, ethical and environmental implications to make informed decisions about biological applications.

Subject Highlights

Biology connects the study of molecules, cells, organisms and ecosystems with issues in everyday life. Scientific inquiry, the nature and history of biology, and connections between science, technology, society and the environment run throughout the curriculum. Practical investigations develop observation, analysis and problem-solving skills. Students learn to evaluate evidence, communicate scientific ideas and make informed decisions about health, conservation and biological applications, while developing curiosity and respect for the living world.